Grey Cast Iron ASTM A48 Gray Iron IS-210
We are Stockholder, Distributors & Manufacture of ASTM A48 Gray Iron Castings, IS-210 Grey Iron Castings, Flake Graphite, IS-210 Grade FG150, IS-210 Grade FG200, IS-210 Grade FG220, IS-210 Grade FG-260, IS-210 Grade FG300, IS-210 Grade FG350, IS-210 Grade FG400, ASTM A48 Class-20, ASTM A48 Class-25, ASTM A48 Class-30, ASTM A48 Class-35, ASTM A48 Class-40, ASTM A48 Class-45, ASTM A48 Class-50, ASTM A48 Class-55, ASTM A48 Class-60, ASTM A48 Class-150, ASTM A48 Class-175, ASTM A48 Class-200, ASTM A48 Class-225, ASTM A48 Class-275, ASTM A48 Class-300, ASTM A48 Class-325, ASTM A48 Class-350, ASTM A48 Class-375, ASTM A48 Class-400 In form of Rolls, Machined Rolls, Steel Mill Rolls, Pressure Rolls, Frames, Gear Boxes, Pumps, Round Bars, Hollow Bars, Tube, Hollow Tube, Cylinder Liners, Sleeves, Automobile Liners, Automotive Parts, Square Bars, Rectangle Bars, Flat Bars, Shaped Bars, Circular Bars, Half Round Bars, Special Profiles, Refrigeration Liners, Cylinder Liner Sleeves, Clutch Housing, Pressure Plate Cover, Front Cover, Cap, Hub, Housing, Nut, Swing Bracket, Carriage, Valve Housing, Comet Housing, Bell Crank, Brake Lever, Gear Housing, Control Arm, Splice Box, Bolt, Flange, Hydraulic Parts, Rotor Shaft, Valve Parts, Pumps Casings, Engineering Components, Gear Components, Dual Arm Casing, Valve Bodies, Valve Actuater Bodies, Clutch Sproket, Chain Wheel, EGR Housing, Wheel Cylinder, Rocker Arm DI with Chill, Impeller, Elbow (SIMO), Manifold, Support, Bearing Cap, Butterfly Valve Body, Damper Shaft, Transmission Fork, Yoke, Flange Yoke, Snap Gauge Body, Butterfly Valve Disc, Crank Shaft, End Yoke, Water Pump Body, Bracket, Combination Square, Trap Body, Compressor Cylinder Head, Manhole Cover, Counter Weight, Machinery Basis manufactured by Sand Casting, Static Casting, Centrifugal Casting, Centrifugally Casting, Continuous Casting, Concast, Con-Cast, Investment Casting, Austempered Investment Casting
Grey Cast Iron, Grey Iron Casting, Gray Cast Iron, Gray Iron Casting, Flake Graphite
IS-210 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grey Iron Castings, IS-210 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-150 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG150 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-200 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG200 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-220 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG220 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-260 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG260 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-300 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG300 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-350 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG350 Grey-Iron Castings
IS-210 Grade FG-400 Grey Iron Casting, IS:210 Grade FG400 Grey-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Gray Iron Casting, ASTM A-48 Gray Iron Castings, ASTM A48 Gray-Iron Casting
ASTM A48 Class No. 20A, No. 20B, No. 20C, No. 20S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 25A, No. 25B, No. 25C, No. 25S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 30A, No. 30B, No. 30C, No. 30S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 35A, No. 35B, No. 35C, No. 35S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 40A, No. 40B, No. 40C, No. 40S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 45A, No. 45B, No. 45C, No. 45S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 50A, No. 50B, No. 50C, No. 50S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 55A, No. 55B, No. 55C, No. 55S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 60A, No. 60B, No. 60C, No. 60S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 150A, No. 150B, No. 150C, No. 150S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 175A, No. 175B, No. 175C, No. 175S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 200A, No. 200B, No. 200C, No. 200S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 225A, No. 225B, No. 225C, No. 225S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 250A, No. 250B, No. 250C, No. 250S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 275A, No. 275B, No. 275C, No. 275S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 300A, No. 300B, No. 300C, No. 300S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 325A, No. 325B, No. 325C, No. 325S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 350A, No. 350B, No. 350C, No. 350S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 375A, No. 375B, No. 375C, No. 375S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
ASTM A48 Class No. 400A, No. 400B, No. 400C, No. 400S Gray Iron Casting, Gray-Iron Castings
GREY IRON GRADES
NATIONAL STANDARDS
(EN 1561:1997) |
BELGIUM
(NBN 830-01) |
DENMARK
(OS 11 301) |
FRANCE
(NFA 32-101) |
ITALY
(UNI 5507) |
USA
(ASTM A48-94a) |
JAPAN
(JIS G5501) |
| ENGJL-100 |
FGG10 |
GG15 |
|
G10 |
20 |
FC100 |
| ENGJL-150 |
FGG15 |
GG20 |
FGL 150 |
G15 |
25 |
FC150 |
| ENGJL-200 |
FGG20 |
GG25 |
FGL 200 |
G20 |
30/35 |
FC200 |
| ENGJL-250 |
FGG25 |
GG30 |
FGL 250 |
G25 |
40 |
FC250 |
| ENGJL-300 |
FGG30 |
GG35 |
FGL 300 |
G30 |
45/50 |
FC300 |
| GREY CAST IRON |
| DIN-EN-1561 |
ASTM-A 48 |
| EN-GJL-100 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 20 |
| EN-GJL-150 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 25 |
| EN-GJL-200 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 30 |
| EN-GJL-250 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 35 |
| EN-GJL-300 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 40 |
| EN-GJL-350 |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 45 |
| |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 50 |
| |
ASTM A 48 CLASS 55 |
CAST IRON GREY IRON
Grey Iron has been the most widely used form of Cast Iron over many decades; however it still has an important part to play in today’s engineering environment. Grey or Cast Iron is also known as Flake Graphite Iron. A micro structure of this material reveals that the graphite is in the form of flakes that run through the ferrite / pearlite matrix. This graphite structure offers very little ductility but the many benefits that this material has to offer are:
Cost
Grey Iron is the cheapest of the Iron range to manufacture.
Fluidity
Although this material has a low melting temperature it retains a high degree of fluidity in the molten condition. This allows complex Grey Iron casting shapes to be manufactured with thin wall sections
Wear Properties
As a result of the material structure Grey Iron has excellent wear characteristics.
Machinability
Grey Iron is a superb material to machine. Although there are many forms of Grey Iron all will machine very easily. With the addition of various alloys the mechanical properties can be enhanced but the hardness figure on the highest grade will be below 275BHN.
Damping Properties
This material is the perfect choice for applications where damping properties is a priority.
Excellent Bearing Properties
The graphite within the structure of Grey Iron provides excellent lubrication properties.
Compressive Strength
Grey Iron has compressive strength comparable to low and medium alloy Carbon Steel.
Resistance to Deformation
Casting applications subject to deformation should be specified as Grey Iron.
| Material Designation |
Previous Standard – BS1452 |
Tensile Strength (min) – N/mm2 |
0.1% Proof Stress (min)information only % |
Elongation (min) N/mm2 |
Compression Strength N/mm2 |
Brinell Hardness
information only BHN |
Predominant Strucutre |
| EN-GLJ-150 |
Grade 150 |
150 – 250 |
98 – 165 |
0.8 – 0.3 |
600 |
155 – 210 |
Ferrite/Pearlite |
| EN-GLJ-200 |
Grade 200 |
200 – 300 |
130 – 195 |
0.8 – 0.3 |
720 |
175 – 260 |
Pearlite |
| EN-GLJ-250 |
Grade 250 |
250 – 350 |
165 – 228 |
0.8 – 0.3 |
840 |
195 – 275 |
Pearlite |
| EN-GLJ-300 |
Grade 300 |
300 – 400 |
195 – 260 |
0.8 – 0.3 |
960 |
215 – 275 |
Pearlite |
| EN-GLJ-350 |
Grade 350 |
350 – 450 |
228 – 285 |
0.8 – 0.3 |
1080 |
235 – 275 |
Pearlite |
| Alternative Standards: |
| GB/T 9439-1998 |
| NF A32-101(1997)/NF EN 1561:1997 |
| DIN 1691-1985 |
| ISO 185:1988 |
| JIS G5501(1995) |
| KS D4301-1985 |
| ГOCT 1412-1985 |
| BS 1452-1990 |
ASTM A48 Gray Iron Degree and Tensile Strength
| Degree/Grade |
Test Bar Strength
Min. Mpa |
Test Bar Diameter
d/mm |
| ANSI / ASTM |
UNS |
No.20A
No.20B
No.20C
No.20S |
F11401 |
138 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.25A
No.25B
No.25C
No.25S |
F11701 |
172 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.30A
No.30B
No.30C
No.30S |
F12101 |
207 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.35A
No.35B
No.35C
No.35S |
F12401 |
241 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.40A
No.40B
No.40C
No.40S |
F12801 |
276 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.45A
No.45B
No.45C
No.45S |
F13101 |
310 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.50A
No.50B
No.50C
No.50S |
F13501 |
345 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.55A
No.55B
No.55C
No.55S |
F13801 |
379 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
No.60A
No.60B
No.60C
No.60S |
F14101 |
414 |
22.4
30.5
50.8
S Bar |
ASTM A48 Gray Iron Degree and Chemical Composition for Motor Vehicles
| Degree/Grade |
C % |
Si % |
Mn % |
P % ≤ |
S % ≤ |
CE |
| ASTM |
UNS |
| G1800 |
F10004 |
3.40~3.70 |
2.30~2.80 |
0.50~0.80 |
0.25 |
0.15 |
4.25~4.5 |
| G2500 |
F10005 |
3.20~3.50 |
2.00~2.40 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
4.0~4.25 |
| G2500a |
F10009 |
≤3.40 |
1.60~2.10 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.15 |
0.12 |
— |
| G3000 |
F10006 |
3.10~3.40 |
1.90~2.30 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.15 |
0.15 |
3.9~4.15 |
| G3500 |
F10007 |
3.00~3.30 |
1.80~2.20 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.12 |
0.15 |
3.7~3.9 |
| G3500b |
F10010 |
≤3.40 |
1.30~1.80 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.15 |
0.12 |
— |
| G3500c |
F10011 |
≤3.50 |
1.30~1.80 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.15 |
0.12 |
— |
| G4000 |
F10008 |
3.00~3.30 |
1.80~2.10 |
0.70~1.00 |
0.10 |
0.15 |
3.7~3.9 |
| G4000d |
F10012 |
3.10~3.60 |
1.95~2.40 |
0.60~0.90 |
0.10 |
0.15 |
(+Cr, +Mo) |
ASTM A48 Gray Iron Physical Properties and Mechanical Properties for Motor Vehicles
| Degree/Grade |
Tensile Strength
σb≥/Mpa |
Yield Strength
σbb≥/Mpa |
Elongation
f ≥ / mm |
Hardness
HBS |
Impression Diameter
mm |
| G1800 |
137 |
780 |
3.6 |
143~187 |
5.0~4.4 |
| G2500, G2500a |
172 |
910 |
4.3 |
170~229 |
4.6~4.0 |
| G3000 |
206 |
1000 |
5.1 |
187~241 |
4.4~3.9 |
G3500, G3500b,
G3500c |
240 |
1090 |
6.1 |
207~255 |
4.2~3.8 |
| G4000, G4000d |
275 |
11800 |
6.9 |
217~269 |
4.1~3.7 |
What is Grey Cast Iron?
Grey cast iron (a.k.a. gray iron castings) is a type of iron found in castings known for its grey color and appearance caused
by graphite fractures in the material. Specifically, what makes grey iron “grey iron,” is the graphite flake structure that is
created during the cooling process from the carbon that is in the component.
Grey iron is a result of both the materials used and the process used to cast a part. In other words, the properties of the
grey iron will change depending on what materials are melted together to pour into the mold as well as the process that is
used for casting (it is primarily the cooling part of the process that defines the characteristics of the cast part versus other
parts of the process)
If you use a powerful microscope you can see the graphitic microstructure that makes grey iron so easily identifiable.
In a grey iron casting, you can see little black flakes of graphite. These flakes cause fractures and cause the material
to have a grey appearance. The mechanical properties of grey iron are controlled by the size and shape of the graphite
flakes present in the microstructure and can be characterized according to the guidelines given by the ASTM.
There are more pounds of grey iron castings produced every year throughout the world than any other type of casting.
Just about every manhole cover is from grey iron and the disc brakes on your car are most likely grey iron as well.
Other common uses for grey iron include:
Gears
Hydraulic components
Automotive suspension components
Plow shares
Pumps
Linkages
Stove parts
Steering knuckles
Tractor parts
Valves
Truck suspension components
Other truck parts
Wind turbine housings.
Weights and counter-weights
Machinery bases
The popularity of grey cast iron components (gray iron castings) is because grey iron is one of the cheapest types of
iron castings to produce. It has acceptable ductility, tensile strength, yield strength, and impact resistance for most applications.
Grey Iron is also excellent in its ability to dampen vibrations making it ideal for machinery bases and as well as many housing
applications. Grey iron has high thermal conductivity meaning it moves heat more easily through the metal.
A final benefit of grey iron castings is its ability to withstand thermal cycling well. Thermal cycling is where the component goes
back and forth between warmer and colder temperatures. While thermal cycling can create stress and premature failure in some
types of metal castings, grey iron has proven to endure the strain of thermal cycling quite well and not stress as easily.
While grey cast iron has less tensile strength and shock resistance than most other castings or even steal, it has compressive
strength that is comparable to low- and medium-carbon steel. These mechanical properties are controlled by the size and shape
of the graphite flakes present in the microstructure.
What are the Material Properties vs. Casting Processes?
Material properties come from the makeup of the materials present. Some of the materials are added to the iron for strength while
others are added to improve castability (affecting melting temperatures, etc.). The properties of all metals are also influenced by
the way they solidify during cooling. If you change the cooling process, you automatically change the structure of the metal in its
final state. How the cast part cools can be affected by how the metal is introduced into the mold, the pouring temperature, and the
process and speed of cooling. One of the difficulties in making a quality casting is to account for the way a part will cool in different
parts of the mold, accounting for both thick and thin areas of the mold.
What is the Microstructure of Grey Cast Iron
Grey iron has graphite flakes entwined with the rest of the structure. Unhardened grey iron is “fragile” compared to other cast metals.
The graphite flakes create areas of weakness in the metal where fractures can begin that will split the metal. This propensity to
fracture is why grey iron has low tensile and impact strength. Yet the graphite flakes are what create great wear resistance because
as friction occurs the graphite acts as a lubricant. The graphite structure also has great vibration dampening properties because the
structure created by the graphite flakes helps cancel out vibrations.
Classification of Grey Iron Classes
In the United States, the classification for grey iron is usually set using the ASTM International standard A48. ASTM A247 is also
commonly used to describe the graphite structure. Grey iron is grouped into classes which correspond with its minimum tensile
strength in thousands of pounds per square inch (ksi); (i.e. class 20 grey iron has a minimum tensile strength of 20,000 psi (140 MPa).
Other ASTM standards that deal with gray iron include ASTM A126, ASTM A278, and ASTM A319.
Class 20 grey iron has a ferrite matrix and a high carbon equivalent. Higher strength gray irons, up to class 40, have lower carbon
equivalents and a pearlite matrix. To get grey iron above class 40 requires alloying to provide solid solution strengthening.
Grey iron can also be heat treated which modifies the matrix giving the cast iron greater strength. Class 80 is the highest class available
for grey iron and it makes the iron have high tensile strength but low impact resistance because class 80 parts are more brittle.
Inspection & Approval Certificates : C/W Certificate (Calibration Works Certificate) EN 10204 3.1 / DIN 50049 3.1 / ISO 10474 3.1 Mill Test Certificate, NACE MR-0103 / NACE MR-0175 / ISO 15156, CE Marked, European Pressure Equipment Directive PED-2014/68/EU, AD-2000-WO, ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Sec.II Part A Ed. 2015, API 6A (American Petroleum Institute), with 3.2 certificate duly Certified & Approved by LRS (Lloyd's Register), GL (Germanischer Lloyd), BV (Bureau Veritas), DNV (Det Norske Veritas), ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), DNV-GL, SGS, TUV, RINA, IRS, NORSOK Approved Standard M-630, M-650 Rev.3, ROHS Compliant
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Regards,
CONTACT PERSON :
MUKESH SHAH
Director
Mobile No. 0091 - 9820292499
Email - marketing@rolexmetals.com
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